英语好的大佬帮我一下(求心理病大全！！高分！最好有中英文。)

英语好的大佬帮我一下

网上有关“英语好的大佬帮我一下”话题很是火热，小编也是针对求心理病大全！！高分！最好有中英文。寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析，如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题，希望能够帮助到您。

C.（因丢钱包而不悦），这是生活中很常见的事情，作为心理咨询师，要想方设法开导对方，使其从难过中走出来。下面是我的个人观点，供你参看：

I am very sorry to hear that you lost your wallet. Last year, I lost my wallet, too.(此句是编造的，目的是分散对方的难过心理。在生活中，如果说出和对方同样难过的事情，会减少对方的伤心程度，而且容易听你的下一步的劝导。这是经验之谈。这也是善意的谎言。）I was bery upset for a long time. And because of that , I was ill for a week. But now I know it is no use being upset because of it. There is a saying "a financial loss may prevent disaster（破财免灾）”. So we don't have to be too upset for that because it is no use. Now let's go out to play. OK?

Psychology:the science of the mind

Psychology is the science of the mind. The human mind is the most complex machine on Earth. It is the source of all thought and behaviour.

How do psychologists study the mind?

But how can we study something as complex and mysterious as the mind? Even if we were to split open the skull of a willing volunteer and have a look inside, we would only see the gloopy grey matter of the brain. We cannot see someone thinking. Nor can we observe their emotions, or memories, or perceptions and dreams. So how do psychologists go about studying the mind?

In fact, psychologists adopt a similar approach to scientists in other fields. Nuclear physicists interested in the structure of atoms cannot observe protons, electrons and neutrons directly. Instead, they predict how these elements should behave and devise experiments to confirm or refute their expectations.

Human behaviour: the raw data of psychology

In a similar way, psychologists use human behaviour as a clue to the workings of the mind. Although we cannot observe the mind directly, everything we do, think, feel and say is determined by the functioning of the mind. So psychologists take human behaviour as the raw data for testing their theories about how the mind works.

Since the German psychologist Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) opened the first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig in 1879, we have learned an enormous amount about the relationship between brain, mind and behaviour.

Psychology and other disciplines

Psychology lies at the intersection of many other different disciplines, including biology, medicine, linguistics, philosophy, anthropology, sociology, and artificial intelligence (AI).

For example, neuropsychology is allied with biology, since the aim is to map different areas of the brain and explain how each underpins different brain functions like memory or language. Other branches of psychology are more closely connected with medicine. Health psychologists help people manage disease and pain. Similarly, clinical psychologists help alleviate the suffering caused by mental disorders.

Branches of psychology

Any attempt to explain why humans think and behave in the way that they do will inevitably be linked to one or another branch of psychology. The different disciplines of psychology are extremely wide-ranging. They include:

Clinical psychology

Cognitive psychology: memory

Cognitive psychology: intelligence

Developmental psychology

Evolutionary psychology

Forensic psychology

Health psychology

Neuropsychology

Occupational psychology

Social psychology

You can learn more about these disciplines by selecting from the list of links on the right hand side of the page.

What all these different approaches to psychology have in common is a desire to explain the behaviour of individuals based on the workings of the mind. And in every area, psychologists apply scientific methodology. They formulate theories, test hypotheses through observation and experiment, and analyse the findings with statistical techniques that help them identify important findings.

心理行业目前需求量很大，许多学校、街道及政府机构都需要配备一定数量的心理咨询师，持有证书的国家心理咨询师更是十分抢手。如果想往心理学方面转行，建议考出国家三级证书。

心理疾病是很普遍的，只不过存在着程度区别而已，而且现代文明的发展使人类愈发脱离其自然属性，污染、生活快节奏、紧张、信息量空前巨大、社会关系复杂、作息方式变化、消费取向差异、在公平的理念下不公平的事实拉大、溺爱等，都使心理疾病逐渐增多并恶化。心理疾病种类很多，表现各异，而且有可能出现更多的以前都没有注意到，或已经合理化（不认为是心理疾病）。随着时代变化新发现的心理疾病也不少。

心理疾病学术上大致可分为以下几类：

可根据不同的标准或其严重程度分类，可分为感觉障碍、知觉障碍、注意障碍、记忆障碍、思维障碍、情感障碍、意志障碍、行为障碍、意识障碍、智力障碍、人格障碍等。

详细分类针对患者的年龄结构和不同年龄段患者的咨询、治疗重点，心理疾病按照以下方式分类：

儿童常见心理疾病

拔毛癖、多动症、习惯性尿裤、屎裤（儿童遗便症）、夜尿症、自闭症、精神发育迟滞、口吃、言语技能发育障碍、学习技能发育障碍、儿童抽动症、儿童退缩行为、Asperger综合征、Heller综合征（婴儿痴呆）、Rett综合征、品行障碍、儿童选择性缄默、偏食、咬指甲、异食癖，以及一些具有儿童特点的儿童性别偏差（包括儿童异装癖）、儿童精神分裂症、儿童恐怖症、儿童情绪障碍（如焦虑症、抑郁症）等。

青少年常见心理疾病

考试综合症、严格管束引发的反抗性焦虑症、恐怖症、学习逃避症、癔病、强迫性神经症、师生恋（单相思）、恋爱挫折综合征、大学生常见的心理障碍、网络综合症等。

成年人常见心理问题

工作适应疾病：过度成就压力、物质金钱关系不当（如致富后的空虚症、吝啬癖等）

职业性心理疾病：教师的精神障碍、单调作业产生的心理障碍、噪音和心理疾病、夜班和心理问题、高温作业的神经心理影响。

性心理疾病：花痴（色情狂）、露阴癖、窥阴癖、窥*癖、异装癖、自恋癖、性厌恶、恋物癖、阳痿、早泄、过度手*等。针对中老年的：更年期精神病、更年期综合征、痴呆、阿尔采莫氏病、老年期谵妄、退离休综合症。

除此之外，可按照疾病的性质和发生原因划分：

不良习惯及嗜好：偷窃癖、纵火狂、神经性呕吐、物质依赖、洁癖。

神经症：神经衰弱、焦虑症、疑病性神经症（疑病症）、癔病（癔症）、强迫性神经症、恐怖性神经症、抑郁性神经症 。

生理心理疾病

躯体形式障碍：躯体化障碍、疑病性神经症（疑病症）、心脏神经症、胃肠神经症、肥胖症、神经性厌食症、经前综合症 。

脑器质性精神障碍：阿尔采莫氏病、急性脑血管病所致精神障碍、多发梗死性痴呆、皮质下血管病所致精神障碍、皮质和皮质下混合性血管病所致精神障碍、Huntington病所致精神障碍、肝豆状核变病（Wilson氏病）所致精神障碍、麻痹性痴呆（大脑神经梅毒所致精神障碍）病毒性脑炎所致精神障碍、脑囊虫病所致精神障碍、颅脑损伤所致精神障碍、颅内肿瘤所致精神障碍、癫痫性精神障碍。

症状性(器质性)精神病：生理疾病和心理的关系、传染病和心理疾病、药物引起的精神障碍、酒精中毒、中毒性精神障碍、肝脑综合征、肺脑综合征、尿毒症所致精神障碍、甲状旁腺功能减退所致精神障碍、甲状腺功能亢进所致精神障碍、营养代谢疾病所致精神障碍、风湿性感染所致精神障碍、伤寒所致精神障碍、系统性红斑狼疮所致精神障碍。

心理生理障碍

心因性心理（精神）障碍：适应性障碍、反应性精神病、感应性精神病、气功所致精神障碍（气功偏差）、恐缩症（缩阴症）、迷信引起的精神障碍、忧郁症、病态怀旧心理。

人格障碍

精神病和精神障碍：精神分裂症、常用抗精神病药物 心境障碍：躁狂症、抑郁症

偏执性精神病

医源性精神病、旅途精神病

周期性精神病

家庭因素引发的精神障碍：丧偶综合症。

Mental disorders are common, but exists difference only, and the development of modern civilization make human more out of its natural attribute, pollution, fast rhythm, stress, the amount of information unprecedented, complex social relations, daily changes, consumption difference, in the fair idea of unfair fact is pulled big, spoiled, so that gradually increased and the deterioration of mental illness. Many types of psychological diseases, different, and there are more likely to occur in the past have not noticed, or have been rationalized (not considered a mental illness ). With the change of times new found that mental illness is many.

Mental disease academic can be roughly divided into the following categories:

According to different standards or its severity classification, can be divided into sensory impairments, perceived barriers, attention disorders, memory disorders, thought disorder, affective disorders, volitional disorder, behavioral disorders, disorders of consciousness, mental disorders, personality disorders.

A detailed classification according to the patients' age structure and the ages of patients consulting, treatment of mental illness, according to the following classification:

Common mental disorders in children

Trichotillomania, ADHD, habitual urine trousers, pants ( left in children is shit ), nocturia, autism, mental retardation, developmental disorders of stuttering, verbal skills, learning skills in developmental disorders, Tourette's children, children's withdrawal, syndrome Asperger, Heller syndrome ( infantile dementia ), Rett syndrome, conduct disorder, children with selective mutism, a partial eclipse, nail biting, pica, as well as some have the characteristics of children 's gender bias ( including children's transvestite ), childhood schizophrenia, pedophobia, children with emotional disorders ( such as anxiety, depression ).

Common mental disorders in adolescents

Examination of syndrome, rein in induced resistance of anxiety, phobia, learning to avoid disorder, obsessive-compulsive neurosis, hysteria, the teachers and students love ( unrequited ) love frustration, syndrome, college students' common psychological disorders, network syndrome.

Adult common psychological problems

Work to the disease: excessive achievement pressure, material money ( such as improper after becoming rich, cheap, and empty disorder )

Occupation of mental illness: Teachers' mental disorders, monotonous work the psychological barriers, noise and mental illness, the night shift and psychological problems, high temperature operation of the neuropsychological effects.

Mental diseases: anthomaniac ( erotomania ), voyeurism, exhibitionism, voyeurism, transvestites, narcissism, sexual aversion, fetish, impotence, premature ejaculation, excessive masturbation. Targeted at the elderly : menopause mental disease, menopausal syndrome, dementia, Alzheimer's, delirium, retired syndrome.

In addition, according to the nature of the disease and the cause of division:

Bad habits and hobbies: kleptomania, pyromania, nervous vomiting, substance dependence, cleanliness.

Neurosis: neurasthenia, anxiety, hypochondria ( hypochondriasis ), Hysteria ( hysteria), obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobic neurosis, depressive neurosis.

Physiological and psychological diseases

Somatoform disorders: somatization disorder (, hypochondriacal neurosis hypochondriasis ), cardiac neurosis, gastrointestinal neurosis, obesity, anorexia nervosa, premenstrual syndrome.

Brain organic mental disorders: Alzheimer's, acute mental disorders due to vascular disease, multi-infarct dementia, subcortical vascular disease, mental disorders caused by cortical and subcortical mixed mental disorders due to vascular disease, Huntington disease, mental disorders caused by hepatolenticular degeneration disease ( Wilson's disease). Mental disorders, dementia paranoides ( mental disorders due to brain neurosyphilis ) virus encephalitis induced mental disorders, mental disorders caused by cerebral cysticercosis, mental disorder in patients with head injury, intracranial tumor induced mental disorder, epilepsy and mental disorders.

Symptomatic ( organic) psychosis: a physiological disease and psychological relationships, infectious diseases and mental disorders, drug induced psychiatric disorders, alcoholism, mental disorder, hepatocerebral syndrome, lung brain syndrome, uremia induced mental disorder, hypoparathyroidism induced mental disorders, mental disorder caused by hyperthyroidism, mental disorders due to nutritional and metabolic, rheumatic infection induced mental disorder, typhoid induced mental disorders, mental disorders due to systemic lupus erythematosus.

Psychophysiologic disorders

Psychogenic disorder: psychological (mental) adaptability obstacle, reactive psychosis, inductive sex mental disease, qigong induced mental disorder ( Qigong deviation ), Koro ( Koro ), superstition induced psychotic disorder, depression, morbid nostalgia.

Personality disorder

Mental illness and mental disorders: schizophrenia, commonly used antipsychotics in mood disorders: mania, depression

Paranoid psychosis

Iatrogenic psychiatric, mental journey

Periodic psychosis

Family factors cause of mental disorders: a widowed syndrome.

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